By the late nineteenth century, the focus for the engineers and builders of tunnels was beginning to shift from Europe to the United States and especially New York, where the rivers encircling Manhattan captured the imagination of tunnelers and challenged their ingenuity. The first to accept the challenge was a somewhat mysterious Californian named DeWitt Clinton Haskin, who turned up in New York in the 1870's with a ajuan to tunnel through the silt under the Hudson River between Manhattan and Jersey City.
Haskin eventually abandoned the risky project. But a company organized by William McAdoo resumed the attack in I 902, working from both directions. McAdoo’s men were forced to blast when they ran into an unexpected ledge of rock, but with this obstacle surmounted. the two headings met in 1904 and McAdoo donned oilskins to become the Hudson’s first underwater bank - to - bank pedestrian. World' s Work magazine proudly reported in 1906 that New York could now be described as a body of land surrounded by tunnels Three one - way shafts beneath the Hudson and two under the Harlem River were already holed through; three more Hudson tubes were being built. Eight separate tunnels were under construction beneath the East River.
1. According to the passage, DeWitt Clinton Haskin came from
A) Jersey City (B) Europe (C) California (D) New York
2. What does the author imply about DeWitt Clinton Haskin's background?
(A) It did not qualify him to handle explosives.
(B) It was not something people knew much about.
(C) It included diverse work experiences.
(D) It included many inferior projects.
3. According to the passage, when did William McAdoo begin to work on the Hudson River tunnel?
(A) 1870 (B) 1902 (C) 1904 (D) 1906
4. According to the passage, the workers tunneling for William McAdoo were surprised to find which of the following where they were working?
(A) Oil (B) Silt (C) Rock (D) Shafts
5. The quotation from World' s Work magazine in line 12 introduces facts about
(A) cities that were building new tunnels to Manhattan
(B) people' s concern eve the weakening of the city's foundation
(C) the role of New York City in promoting engineering
(D) the number of tunnels being built at the time
6. Where in the passage does the author refer to the first person to walk beneath the Hudson River?
(A) Lines 1 – 3 (B) Lines 4 – 6
(C) Lines 8 – 11 (D) Lines 14 – 15
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